Izixhobo zokupheka zangaphandle ezihlangeneyo ziye zavela kakhulu, kwayeisitovu segesi sabakhenkethi esincinciimele ukuhlangana kokuphatheka, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kokupheka. Eli nqaku livavanya ukuba yintoni eyenza olu luhlu luhluke-ukusuka kwimveliso yokutshisa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli kwizinto zokwakha kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho-ukunceda abathanda ngaphandle, abathengisi, kunye namaqela okuthengwa kwempahla ukuba abone ukuba isitovu segesi esidibeneyo sihambelana neemfuno zabo ezithile.
▸Isiqulatho— Cofa nasiphi na isihloko ukuze utsibe ngqo
Izixhobo zokupheka zangaphandle zinoluhlu olukhulu kakhulu-ukusuka kwizitshisi zecamp enzima ukuya kwizitovu ezingxamisekileyo. Iisitovu segesi sabakhenkethi esincinciithatha kumhlaba ophakathi owahlukileyo: incinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba iphathe kwi-daypack, kodwa inamandla ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela izidlo zokwenyani kunokuba ubilise amanzi.
Ngokungafaniyo nezitovu eziphathwayo ezinobungakanani obugcweleyo ezifuna iitovu zamafutha ezahlukileyo kunye nomhlaba ozinzileyo, izitovu zabakhenkethi ezixineneyo zenziwe ngobunjineli obujikeleze ifilosofi yoyilo olwahlukileyo. Babeka phambili ukuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza, ubunzima obuncinci, kunye nokusebenza okungaguqukiyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zangaphandle. Isiphumo sisixhobo esingena kwipokotho esecaleni kodwa sinikezela ngesakhono sokupheka sesixhobo esiphindwe kathathu okanye kane ubukhulu baso.
Yakhelwe ukushukuma-inkxaso yeembiza ezisongayo, ukuvutha okudibeneyo, kunye neenyawo ezinyamalalayo kwimithwalo okanye kwipokotho yecala lobhaka.
Imveliso yobushushu obungaguqukiyo kungakhathaliseki ukuphakama, ubushushu obuphakathi, okanye inqanaba lepetroli, ngoko ke ukupheka kuhlala kuqikelelwa ebaleni.
Uphawu oluchazayo lwaso nasiphi na isitovu segesi somkhenkethi esincinci yimbonakalo yaso. Iinjineli zifezekisa oku ngokhetho oluninzi oludityanisiweyo loyilo olunciphisa ngokudibeneyo isambuku ngaphandle kokuncama imfezeko yolwakhiwo.
Ubunzima obuncinci be-48.5 grams kwiimodeli ze-titanium, ezi zitofu zichaza kwakhona ukuba "i-lightweight" ithetha ntoni kwizixhobo zokupheka zangaphandle. Nokwahluka kwentsimbi nealuminiyam kunqabile ukuba kudlule iigram ezingama-200, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zisebenze ngokupakisha ubhaka wokukhanya, ukhenketho lwebhayisekile, kunye nezixhobo zokulungela imeko kaxakeka.
Kubathengi abaphonononga izitovu zokuthengisa okanye ukuhanjiswa, imilinganiselo yobunzima kufuneka ihlale ibhengezwa ngokuchasene nemveliso yamandla kunye neemfuno zozinzo. Isitovu esikhaphukhaphu asingcono ngokuzenzekelayo-kufuneka sixhase i-cookware esidityaniswe nayo.
Ngaphandle kobukhulu bazo obuxineneyo, izitovu zerhasi zabakhenkethi banamhlanje zihambisa amanani amandla akhuphisana nezixhobo ezikhulu kakhulu. Isixhobo esiqhelekileyo sivelisa phakathi kweewatts ezingama-2 500 nezingama-3 500, nto leyo ethetha ukubila ngokukhawuleza—ngokufuthi ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emithathu kwilitha enye yamanzi.
Lo msebenzi uphunyezwa ngokulungiswa kwejiyometri yesitshisi kunye nokuxubana okuchanekileyo kwe-fuel-air. Idangatye ligxininiswe endaweni yokuba lisasazwe, oku kuthetha ukuba ubushushu obuncinane bubaleka macala onke e-cookware. Olunye uyilo lubandakanya iikhoyili zokufudumeza kwangaphambili ezifunxa isibaso solwelo phambi kokutsha, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo naphantsi kweemeko ezibandayo apho ibutane iyasokola ukufaka igesi.
Intloko yesitshisi yintliziyo yenkqubo. Isitshisi esenziwe kakuhle sisebenzisa ipateni yedangatye elitshoneyo okanye eliye layeka ukuzikhusela elikhusela indawo yokutshisa kwimimoya enqamlezayo ngelixa likhokelela ubushushu phezulu kwisiseko sembiza. Ukuchasana nomoya akusiyo ingcamango-yenzelwe i-geometry yentloko yokutshisa ukusuka ekuqaleni.
Ukuhambelana kwamafutha kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Uninzi lwezitovu ezixineneyo zisebenza kwi-EN 417 iitoti ezinentambo ezine-isobutane, ipropane, okanye umxube wazo zombini. Umlinganiselo wokudibanisa uchaphazela ukusebenza kwemozulu ebandayo: i-propane-rich mixube isebenza kumaqondo okushisa aphantsi, ngelixa i-isobutane-dominant blends inika umphumo ohambelanayo kwiimeko ezimodareyitha.
Izixhobo zegesi eziphathwayo ziwela phantsi kwemigaqo engqongqo yolawulo, ngakumbi kwiimarike zaseYurophu nakwiGulf. Umgangatho we-EN 521 ulawula ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kweempawu zezixhobo eziphathwayo ezitshisa igesi yepetroleum engamanzi kuxinzelelo lomphunga ngaphakathi kwekhatriji yerhasi okanye isilinda.
Ukuthotyelwa kwe-EN 521 kubandakanya iindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:
Kumaqela okuthenga afumana izixhobo zokupheka ngaphandle, ukuqinisekiswa kokuthotyelwa kwe-EN 521 kufanele kube yimfuneko esisiseko. Umgangatho ukwachaza ukuba izixhobo zombane ziyilelwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle okanye kwiindawo ezinomoya opholileyo kuphela-umahluko obalulekileyo wokufaka iilebhile kunye namaxwebhu omyalelo womsebenzisi.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubunzima, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola. Iindidi ezintathu zemathiriyeli eziphambili zilawula icandelo lesitovu segesi yabakhenkethi encinci:
| Izinto eziphathekayo | Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo | Iingenelo | Iingqwalasela |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Titanium | 48–80g | Umlinganiselo obalaseleyo wamandla-kubunzima, awunyangeki ku-corrosion | Iindleko eziphezulu zemveliso, ukhetho oluncinci lwemibala |
| Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo | 120-200g | Ihlala ixesha elide, iyamelana nobushushu, iyabiza | Inzima kune-titanium, inokutshintsha umbala kubushushu |
| Ingxubevange yeAluminiyam | 80-150g | Ilula, i-conductivity entle ye-thermal | Iqondo eliphantsi lokunyibilika, lifuna ukugquma okukhuselekileyo |
Amacandelo e-Titanium-ingakumbi abaxhasi beembiza kunye neentloko zokutshisa-ziye zaxhaphaka njengoko iindleko zokuvelisa ziye zancipha. Umaleko we-oxide yendalo yesinyithi ibonelela ngokugqwesileyo kokuxhathisa ukudleka ngaphandle konyango olongezelelweyo, oluxabiseke kakhulu kwizixhobo ezivezwe kukufuma kunye nobushushu bokuhamba ngebhayisekile.
Ukuqonda iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kunceda abathengi ukuba bahlole ukuba isitovu segesi esine-compact silukhetho olufanelekileyo kubaphulaphuli babo okanye iimfuno zomntu.
Isitovu segesi esincinci sabakhenkethi asifanelekanga kangako ekuphekeni kweqela, ukulungiselela ukutya okuninzi, okanye usetyenziso olufuna ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwemveliso ephezulu kangangexesha elongeziweyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isitofu se-multi-burner basecamp okanye i-liquid-fuel system iya kufaneleka ngakumbi.
JY Ngaphandleigqwesa kuyilo kunye nokwenziwa kwezixhobo zokupheka zangaphandle ezixineneyo, ezibonelela abasasazi kunye neempawu zokuthengisa kwiimarike ezininzi.
| Ipharamitha | Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo | Amanqaku |
|---|---|---|
| IsiPhumo saMandla | 2,500–3,500 W | Imveliso ephezulu inciphisa ixesha lokubilisa |
| Ubunzima | 48–200 g | Kuxhomekeke kwizinto kunye noyilo |
| Ixesha lokubila (1L) | 2.5-4 imizuzu | Iyahluka ngobude kunye nobushushu be-ambient |
| Uhlobo lwamafutha | EN 417 inkonkxa enemisonto | I-Isobutane / i-propane idibanisa eziqhelekileyo |
| Umlilo | I-Piezo okanye i-manual | I-Piezo iphelisa imfuno yokukhanya kwangaphandle |
| Imilinganiselo epakishiweyo | 50 × 80 mm (eqhelekileyo) | Ilingana imagi okanye imbiza eqhelekileyo |
Isitofu segesi somkhenkethi esincinci senzelwe ngokukodwa ukuphatheka okuphezulu-ngokuqhelekileyo ubunzima obungaphantsi kwe-200 grams kunye nokusonga kwipakethe encinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingene epokothweni okanye isikhwama esincinci. Izitovu zekhempi eziqhelekileyo zibeka phambili uzinzo kunye nendawo yokupheka phezu kobunzima obuncinci.
Hayi. Izixhobo zegesi eziphathwayo ezisebenza kwi-liquefied petroleum gas zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle okanye iindawo ezinomoya opholileyo kuphela. Ukuqokelelana kwekharbhon monokside kwiindawo ezivaliweyo kunika ingozi enkulu yokhuseleko. Ngalo lonke ixesha ulandela imiyalelo yomenzi malunga nokukhupha umoya.
Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric ephantsi lunciphisa ukufumaneka kwe-oksijini, enokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha. Nangona kunjalo, owona mceli mngeni uphambili kumphakamo bubushushu: amaqondo asezantsi akwindawo engqongileyo anciphisa uxinzelelo lwecanister, ngakumbi ngemixube yamafutha ene-butane. Ukusebenzisa i-propane-enriched canister okanye isitofu kunye ne-preheating coil kunciphisa lo mbandela.
Uninzi lwezitovu zegesi ezixineneyo zisebenzisa i-EN 417 iitovu ezinentambo ezine-isobutane, ipropane, okanye umxube. Ezinye iimodeli zamkela iikhatriji zevalve yeLindal okanye iinkqubo ezithile zobunini. Soloko uqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwamafutha phambi kokuthenga, ngakumbi ukuba isitovu siya kusetyenziswa kuyo yonke imimandla eyahlukeneyo apho imigangatho yetoti inokwahluka.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubandakanya ukujonga i-O-ring seal kwi-cartridge uxhumano lokuqhekeka okanye ukugqoka, ukucoca intloko yokushisa ukukhusela amachweba avaliweyo, kunye nokugcina isitofu kwindawo eyomileyo ukukhusela ukubola. Izixhaso zeembiza kufuneka zihlolwe ukuba zigoba okanye zibe buthathaka emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Kubathandi bangaphandle, abathengisi, kunye neengcali zokuthenga ezivavanya izixhobo zokupheka ezixineneyo,isitovu segesi sabakhenkethi esincinciinika ibhalansi enyanzelisayo yokuphatheka, ukusebenza, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho. Ukukhetha imodeli efanelekileyo kufuna ukufanisa imveliso yokutshisa, ubunzima, kunye nokwakhiwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo esicetywayo.
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